Foucault's Order of the speech are three great systems of exclusion that affect conversational and communication between individuals: forbidden word, the partition of the madness and the will truth. As the power of speech means that people are trying to take over.
In our society there are procedures for exclusion, the most obvious is that interdiction. It is well known that no one has the right to speak at all in any circumstance or context. Foucault, in fact, tends to emphasize the most often taboo as sexuality and politics. There is another principle in our society of exclusion has its roots in the past (from Ancient Greece through the Middle Ages) on social and political exclusion of the mad, almost a partition of madness.
For example since the Middle Ages the insane was seen as the possessor a dark and forbidden knowledge, able to see reality more mysterious secrets that hide or religious revelation. Often associated with the figure of the magician and the wise, the fool was he who uttered a speech which did not produce any effect, social or political it was, at the same time, however, his words were attributed strange powers, such as saying a hidden truth or to announce the future, like a mystic oracle unconscious.
There was no middle way, the word of the insane or was considered as a "reason more reasonable than that of reasonable people" or falling into the void without being taken into account, making the individual object of scorn and derision by the other members of the community. Just the word of the crowds accomplish this partition where opposing reason and madness, a forerunner of the modern combination of "genius and recklessness." Foucault sounder development of interpretations of madness until the modern concept of mental illness, highlighting the creative force of madness that Western societies have traditionally repressed. The word of the crowds was not taken into account, fell to nothing, rejected just uttered, any talk was not relevant, piece of a mosaic carrier of prejudice and hypocrisy. A crowd was recognized or labeled as such through his words, they were the place where it makes the partition, but as I said they had never met nor heard. The words of the crowds were the manifestation of his madness, the place in which you reach the partition between the sensible el'insensatezza. Even today, for Foucault, there are mechanisms of partition, but they are operated on the basis of new institutions, with new effects. The crowds will listen and decipher through a network of psychologists, psychoanalysts, physicians 'reinforcement of learning' until recently sanctioned in places such as psychiatric hospitals. The procedures for exclusion were already in the Greek poets of the sixth century, was highlighted as the true discourse, one for which there was respect and fear, that which had to submit, was that speech from those who could.
In our society still exists this form of repression, where not everyone has the right to speak, where even today the speech should be spoken by those in law, who has power, who "reigns", even if you want to believe that right there is, in this regard Foucault in the order of discourse is the old principle greek: arithmetic may well relate to the democratic city, as it teaches the relationship of equality, but only the geometry should be taught in oligarchies, because it shows the proportions in the inequality. What matters, therefore, is how the company promotes, distributes and allocates the power to know why the word is.
Today we also have expanded the number of people speaking, to have increased the number of speeches, it has expanded the freedom of having moved the boundaries of control and exclusion, the mad are no longer isolated, but their folly can "speak" personally expressing his elementary truth, the madness or reduces man to his primitive desires and its simpler mechanisms, and at the same time, a true end of man, as he shows how far they can push the passions and the life of society.
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